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科学家在实验室中模拟人类妊娠的最初时刻取得突破

研究人员在实验室环境中成功模拟了人类妊娠的最初时刻,使用了人类胚胎和工程化的器官样本来模拟子宫内膜。 Cell Press 本周发表的三篇论文中,中国和英国、西班牙、美国研究人员的合作报告了他们在复制着床过程中的努力,即受精卵附着在子宫壁上的过程。

根据研究,研究人员使用微流体芯片来培养模拟子宫内膜的器官样本。然后,这些器官样本与来自体外受精中心的人类胚胎结合,允许科学家在受控环境中观察着床过程。研究人员指出,这种方法使他们能够以前所未有的细节研究胚胎和子宫内膜之间的复杂相互作用。

“这是我们对早期妊娠理解的一个重大突破,”中国科学院研究员张晓平博士说,他领导了一项研究。“通过使用这些工程化组织,我们现在可以以以前不可能的方式研究着床过程。” 张博士补充说,这项研究有可能改善体外受精的结果,并更好地了解流产和其他妊娠并发症的原因。

使用微流体芯片和工程化器官样本是生殖生物学中相对较新的方法,但它已经在几个领域显示出希望。这些芯片使研究人员能够创建一个模拟人体条件的受控环境,从而使他们能够以以前不可能的方式研究复杂的生物过程。在这种情况下,研究人员能够实时观察着床过程,使用先进的成像技术来捕捉胚胎和子宫内膜之间相互作用的细节。

这项研究的背景在于需要改善体外受精的结果和更好地了解妊娠并发症的原因。根据世界卫生组织的数据,全球约有 4800 万对夫妇经历不孕,其中许多情况与着床问题有关。通过在实验室环境中研究着床过程,研究人员希望确定新的治疗目标并提高体外受精程序的成功率。

加州大学的生殖生物学家玛丽亚·罗德里格斯博士(Dr. Maria Rodriguez)对这项研究提供了额外的见解,她没有参与这项研究。“这是生殖生物学领域的一个令人兴奋的发展,”她说。“使用工程化组织和微流体芯片有可能彻底改变我们对早期妊娠的理解并改善体外受精的结果。” 罗德里格斯博士指出,需要进一步的研究来确认这些发现并探索这项技术的潜在应用。

目前,这项研究的状态是这些研究已经在 Cell Press 上发表,研究人员现在正在计划进一步调查这些发现并探索这项技术的潜在应用。该领域的下一步发展预计将来自微流体芯片技术的持续改进和研究的扩展,以包括更复杂的生物过程。

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