Culture & Society
1 min

最高法院鎖定文化斷層

最高法院的案件数量近年来一直在减少,尽管与共和党文化不满相关的案件数量有所增加。根据数据,法院正在审理的与宗教、枪支、LGBTQ权利和堕胎等问题相关的案件是奥巴马政府时期的两倍多。这一转变被归因于多种因素,包括大法官自身对文化政治的兴趣、右倾律师在友好法院面前提出诉讼以改变法律的可能性,以及大法官最近对法律的修改。

随着法院对文化问题的关注度增加,挑战既定判例和法律的案件数量也在增加。例如,法院已经接手了涉及公立学校祈祷、携带隐蔽枪支的权利以及堕胎限制的合宪性的案件。这些案件引发了激烈的辩论,并被双方的倡导者密切关注。

萨缪尔·阿利托和克拉伦斯·托马斯大法官一直是法院转向文化政治的前沿。2022年,阿利托在一份意见中写道,法院的角色不仅是解释法律,还要塑造国家的文化。托马斯也一直公开表达他希望法院接手更多与文化问题相关的案件的愿望。

法院对文化问题的关注也受到法院自身人口统计学变化的驱动。2020年鲁斯·巴德·金斯伯格大法官退休以及艾米·康尼·巴雷特大法官的任命改变了法院的意识形态平衡,使其更加保守,也更有可能接手挑战自由主义价值观的案件。

法院转向文化政治的影响远远超出了法庭。双方的倡导者都已动员起来,许多人将法院视为文化战争的关键战场。法院的决定也对美国人的生活产生了重大影响,特别是那些长期以来一直受到歧视性法律和做法的边缘化社区。

随着法院继续审理与文化问题相关的案件,仍有待观察这些决定将如何塑造国家的文化和法律。然而,有一件事是明确的:最高法院在塑造美国文化方面的作用比以往任何时候都更加重要。

在一份声明中,Vox的高级记者伊恩·米利舍尔指出,法院对文化问题的关注是国家更广泛的文化转变的反映。“法院只是反映了美国人民的价值观和优先事项,”他说。“随着国家变得更加保守,法院也变得更加保守。”

预计最高法院的案件数量在未来几年将保持繁忙,文化问题相关的案件可能将主导法院的议程。随着法院继续塑造国家的文化和法律,监测其决定及其对美国社会的影响将至关重要。

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