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冰川岌岌可危:82,000个冰川可能在2100年前消失,如果全球变暖达到4°C

瑞士联邦理工大学(ETH Zurich)的研究人员估计,如果全球温度上升到4.0°C,到本世纪末,全球仅剩下约18,000个冰川。这种剧烈的减少与限制变暖到1.5°C的场景形成鲜明对比,后者可以保留大约100,000个冰川。由瑞士联邦理工大学冰川学系主任领导的这项研究,标志着世界冰川首次被预测消失,凸显了采取气候行动的迫切需要。

根据研究,冰川的命运在很大程度上取决于变暖的程度,每一个小数度都有显著的影响。“1.5°C和4.0°C之间的差异就像白天和黑夜一样,”研究的首席作者兰德·范·特里希特博士说。“在1.5°C时,我们仍然可以保留世界上大量的冰川,但在4.0°C时,情况就大不相同。”研究人员引入了“冰川灭绝峰值”的概念,标志着冰川损失加速到不可逆转的年份。

研究结果基于对世界各地冰川数据的全面分析,包括阿尔卑斯山,瑞士的莫尔特沙赫冰川正在迅速瓦解。冰川的冰洞,是冰川瓦解的惊人而又令人清醒的标志,提醒人们采取气候行动的迫切需要。“冰川不仅具有美观价值,还在调节地球气候方面发挥着至关重要的作用,”范·特里希特博士说。

研究结果对环境、生态系统和依赖冰川获取水和食物的人类社会具有重大影响。例如,在阿尔卑斯山,冰川为数百万人提供了至关重要的水源。“冰川的消失将对环境和人类社会产生深远的影响,”范·特里希特博士说。“我们必须立即采取行动减少温室气体排放,限制变暖到1.5°C。”

研究结果得到了科学界的混合反应,一些专家将其誉为气候行动的警钟。“这项研究凸显了采取气候行动和保护冰川的迫切需要,”加利福尼亚大学的冰川学家玛丽亚·罗德里格斯博士说。“我们必须立即采取行动减少碳足迹,保护冰川以造福后代。”

研究结果是对气候变化无作为的后果的严峻提醒。随着世界继续应对气候变化的挑战,研究结果提醒人们采取立即行动保护冰川和减轻气候变化最坏影响的重要性。

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